- ——— is the biological process that causes an organism to develop its shape
A. Morphogenesis b. differential cell
C. Gastrulation d .clevage
- ———— also describes the development of unicellular life forms that do not have an embryonic stage in their life cycle.
a. Morphogenesis b. organogenesis
c.neurulation d.teratogenesis
- ———– the movement of cells from the blastula surface to the interior of the embryo
- Gastrulation b. oncogenensis
- ———— the formation of organs.
- Organogenesis b. cleavage
- Morphogenesis is a major aspect of development in
a. plants and animals b. isectes
- There are —— types of morphogenesis
- Cellular and moleculer basis
B. Unicellular bases
- The changes in tissues cause the elongation, thinning, folding or separation of one tissue into distinct layers. This is often referred as
- cadherins
- cell sorting
- The ability of cells to do this has been proposed to arise from differential cell adhesion ——-through his Differential Adhesion Hypothesis. ion hypotsis
a.Malcolm Steinber
b.Darwin
- According to ——-cells move to be near other cells of similar adhesive strength in order to maximize the bonding strength between cells and produce a more thermodynamically stable structure.
- DAH,
- EMT
- ———–is a process by which epithelial cells lose their cell polarity and cell-cell adhesion, and gain migratory and invasive properties to become mesenchymal stem cells.
a. epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)
b.Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAMs)
- The molecules responsible for adhesion are called
a.Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs).
b. EMT
- Which is the major class of molecules ———
a.Adhesion
b.cadherins.
- are transmembrane proteins that mediate cell–cell adhesion in animals. By regulating contact formation and stability
a.cadherins
b.EMT
- ———– is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells
a.The extracellular matrix (ECM)
b.Cell contractility
- ———–is involved in keeping tissues separated, providing structural support, providing a structure for cells to migrate on.
a. extracellular matrix (ECM)grate on.
b.Cadherins
- Firstly When epidermal and mesodermal cells mixed then result epidermal——— and mesodermal —-
a.Outside ,inside
b.Inside, middle
c.Inside ,outside