Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids Basics
This set of Biochemistry Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids Basics”.
1) Identify the purine base of nucleic acids in the following.
a) Cytosine
b) Thymine
c) Uracil
d) Adenine
Answer: d
2) Which of the following are not the components of RNA?
a)Thymine
b)Adenine
c)Guanine
d)Cytosine
Answer: a
3) Which of the following statements is true?
a) Sugar component of a nucleotide is ribose
b) Sugar component of a nucleotide is deoxyribose
c) The bases in nucleotides are attached to a pentose sugar moiety by a glycosidic linkage
d) The sugar molecule of the nucleotide is in L-configuration
Answer: c
4) What is the composition of nucleoside?
a) a sugar + a phosphate
b) a base + a sugar
c) a base + a phosphate
d) a base + a sugar + phosphate
Answer: b
5) What is the composition of nucleotide?
a) a sugar + a phosphate
b) a base + a sugar
c) a base + a phosphate
d) a base + a sugar + phosphate
Answer: d
6) Group of adjacent nucleotides are joined by ____________
a) Phosphodiester bond
b) Peptide bond
c) Ionic bond
d) Covalent bond
Answer: a
7) The sugar molecule in a nucleotide is ____________
a) Pentose
b) Hexose
c) Tetrose
d) Triose
Answer: a
8) Which of the following is true about phosphodiester linkage?
a) 5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
b) 3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
c) 5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
d) 3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
Answer: a
9) Which of the following is false about purine and pyrimidine bases?
a) They are hydrophobic and relatively insoluble in water at the near-neutral pH of the cell
b) At acidic or alkaline pH the bases become charged and their solubility in water increases
c) Purines have two rings in their structure, but pyrimidine bases have only one ring
d) At acidic or alkaline pH the bases become charged and their solubility in water decreases
Answer: d
10) Building blocks of nucleic acids are ____________
a) Nucleotides
b) Nucleosides
c) Amino acids
d) Histones
Answer: a
11) Identify the purine base of nucleic acids in the following.
a) Cytosine
b) Thymine
c) Uracil
d) Adenine
Answer: d
12) A nucleoside is composed of
a) a base + a sugar
b) a base + a sugar + phosphate.
c) a base + a phosphate.
d) none of these
Answer: a
13) Genetic mutation occurs in
a) Protein
b) RNA
c) DNA
d) Nucleus
Answer: c
14) DNA is present in
a) Nucleus only
b) Nucleus, mitochondria and ER
c) Nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplast
d) Nucleus, mitochondria and RER
Answer: c
15) Which protein is shared by five histone protein?
- They are acidic proteins with relatively large molecular weight
- They are multimeric proteins with high level of Arg and Lys
- They are fibrous proteins with high amount of alpha-helix
- They are globular protein with a positive charge
Answer: d
16) Which is a property of both viral genetic material and bacterial genetic material?
- Both can be double stranded ,circular DNA
- Both can be single stranded ,linear RNA
- Both can be compacted into inverted repeats
- Both can be compacted into plasmid
Answer: a
17) Which is a general property of nucleoside and nucleotides?
- Both contain a hemiacetal or hemiketal bond
- Both contain a nitrogenous base that contain covalent H- bond
- Both contain a pentose in the form of a furanose
- Both contain at least one 5’ – phosphate group
Answer: c
18) Which component is found in both guanosine and uridine?
- Both contain an aldohexose
- Both contain three hydroxyl groups
- Both contain a 1,9 – bond
- Both contain a pyranose
Answer: b
19) The 6th most abundant element on Earth?
- Nitrogen
- Oxygen
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
Answer: c
20) Carbon is present percent in human body
- 19%
- 3%
- 18%
- 65%
Answer: C
21) Carbon is a language word
- Latin
- Greek
- English
- None of these
Answer: a
22) Atomic number of Carbon is
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 9
Answer: 6
23) In Organic Compound Carbon form bonds
- 4
- 6
- 7
- 3
Answer: a
24) Peptide (linkages) bond is formed in
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Protein
- Fats
Answer: c
25) Atomic mass of carbon is
- 1.008 amu
- 12.000 amu
- 14.75 amu
- None of these
Answer: b
26) Glucose is used for the production of
- Energy
- Food
- Metabolites
- Body process
Answer: a
27) Functional group generally determine the organic compound
- Nature and function
- Property
- Backbone
- All of these
Answer: a
28) Carbon formed the compound through the bonding
- Hydrogen
- Covalent
- Metallic
- None of these
Answer: b
29) Which percentage of carbon dioxide inhaled in our body?
- 0.004%
- 0.002%
- 0.001%
- 0.005%
Answer: a
30) Carbon is a compound
- Tri-valent
- Di –valent
- Tetra –valent
- Penta – valent
Answer: c
31) Carbon dioxide is a gas
- Colorless
- Pink
- Yellow
- White
Answer: a
32) Plant use Carbon dioxide and sunlight to form
- Glucose
- Glycogen
- Water
- None of these
Answer: a
33) Carbo meaning
- Gas
- Coal
- Both a and b
- None of these
Answer: b
34) Lab evidences suggested that atom in water molecule arranged in manner
- Non- linear
- Linear
- Bilinear
- None of these
Answer: a
35) Water is a molecule
- Polar
- Non- polar
- Neutral
- None of these
Answer: a
36) Nearly carbon containing organic compound are known
- 10 million
- 20 million
- 30 million
- 50 million
Answer: a
37) Living body is of H2O
- 40%
- 70%
- 50%
- 60%
Answer: c
38) Solid state of water has more H-bond than liquid
- 15%
- 20%
- 40%
- 50%
Answer: a
39) Water is the best solvent due to its nature
- Polar
- Non- polar
- Both a and b
- None of these
Answer: a
40) Energy Currency of the cell
- ATP
- GTP
- ADP
- None of these
Answer: a
41) Immunochemistry for determination of tissues
- Muscle
- Pathological
- Both a and b
- None of these
Answer: b
42) Nutrient values of different food components detect only by
- Biochemical testing
- Blood testing
- Both a and b
- PCR
Answer: a
43) Scurvy disease is due to the deficiency of
- Vitamin –A
- Vitamin – C
- Vitamin – D
- None of these
Answer: b
44) Rickets disease is due to the deficiency of
- Vitamin – B
- Vitamin – C
- Vitamin – D
- Vitamin – E
Answer: c
45) NIDDM cause by defect in secretion
- Insulin
- Saliva
- Both a and b
- None of these
Answer: a