FATS AND FATTY ACID METABOLISM MCQS

Chapter 4: FATS AND FATTY ACID METABOLISM MCQS

1. An example of a hydroxy fatty acid is

(A) Ricinoleic acid (B) Crotonic acid

2. An example of a saturated fatty acid is

(A) Palmitic acid (B) Oleic acid

3. If the fatty acid is esterified with an

alcohol of high molecular weight instead

of glycerol, the resulting compound is

(A) Lipositol (B) Plasmalogen

4. A fatty acid which is not synthesized in

the body and has to be supplied in the

diet is

(A) Palmitic acid (B) Lauric acid

5. Essential fatty acid:

(A) Linoleic acid (B) Linolenic acid

6. The fatty acid present in cerebrosides is

(A) Lignoceric acid (B) Valeric acid

7. The number of double bonds in arachidonic

acid is

(A) 1 (B) 2

8. In humans, a dietary essential fatty acid

(A) Palmitic acid (B) Stearic acid

9. A lipid containing alcoholic amine residue

(A) Phosphatidic acid (B) Ganglioside

10. Cephalin consists of

(A) Glycerol, fatty acids, phosphoric acid and

choline

(B) Glycerol, fatty acids, phosphoric acid and

ethanolamine

inositol

(D) Glycerol, fatty acids, phosphoric acid and

serine

11. In mammals, the major fat in adipose

tissues is

(A) Phospholipid (B) Cholesterol

12. Glycosphingolipids are a combination of

(A) Ceramide with one or more sugar residues

(B) Glycerol with galactose

(D) Sphingosine with phosphoric acid

13. The importance of phospholipids as

constituent of cell membrane is because

they possess

(A) Fatty acids

(B) Both polar and nonpolar groups

(D) Phosphoric acid

14. In neutral fats, the unsaponificable matter

includes

(A) Hydrocarbons (B) Triacylglycerol

15. Higher alcohol present in waxes is

(A) Benzyl (B) Methyl

16. Kerasin consists of

(A) Nervonic acid (B) Lignoceric acid

17. Gangliosides are complex glycosphingolipids

found in

(A) Liver (B) Brain

18. Unsaturated fatty acid found in the cod

liver oil and containing 5 double bonds is

(A) Clupanodonic acid

(B) Cervonic acid

(D) Timnodonic acid

19. Phospholipid acting as surfactant is

(A) Cephalin (B) Phosphatidyl inositol

20. An oil which contains cyclic fatty acids and

once used in the treatment of leprosy is

(A) Elaidic oil (B) Rapeseed oil

21. Unpleasant odours and taste in a fat

(rancidity) can be delayed or prevented

by the addition of

(A) Lead (B) Copper

22. Gangliosides derived from glucosylceramide

contain in addition one or more

molecules of

(A) Sialic acid (B) Glycerol

23. ’Drying oil’, oxidized spontaneously by

atmospheric oxygen at ordinary

temperature and forms a hard water

proof material is

(A) Coconut oil (B) Peanut oil

24. Deterioration of food (rancidity) is due to

presence of

(A) Cholesterol

(B) Vitamin E

(D) Phenolic compounds

25. The number of ml of N/10 KOH required

to neutralize the fatty acids in the

distillate from 5 gm of fat is called

(A) Reichert-Meissel number

(B) Polenske number

(D) Non volatile fatty acid number

26. Molecular formula of cholesterol is

(A) C27H45OH

(B) C29H47OH

(D) C23H41OH

27. The cholesterol molecule is

(A) Benzene derivative

(B) Quinoline derivative

(D) Straight chain acid

28. Salkowski test is performed to detect

(A) Glycerol (B) Cholesterol

29. Palmitic, oleic or stearic acid ester of

cholesterol used in manufacture of

cosmetic creams is

(A) Elaidic oil (B) Lanoline

30. Dietary fats after absorption appear in

the circulation as

(A) HDL (B) VLDL

31. Free fatty acids are transported in the

blood

(A) Combined with albumin

(B) Combined with fatty acid binding protein

(D) In unbound free salts

32. Long chain fatty acids are first activated

to acetyl-CoA in

(A) Cytosol (B) Microsomes

33. The enzyme acyl-CoA synthase catalyses

the conversion of a fatty acid of an active

fatty acid in the presence of

(A) AMP (B) ADP

34. Carnitine is synthesized from

(A) Lysine and methionine

(B) Glycine and arginine

(D) Proline and hydroxyproline

35. The enzymes of â-oxidation are found in

(A) Mitochondria (B) Cytosol

36. Long chain fatty acids penetrate the inner

mitochondrial membrane

(A) Freely

(B) As acyl-CoA derivative

(D) Requiring Na dependent carrier

37. An important feature of Zellweger’s

syndrome is

(A) Hypoglycemia

(B) Accumulation of phytanic acid in tissues

(D) Accumulation of C26-C38 polyenoic acid in

brain tissues

38. An important finding of Fabry’s disease

(A) Skin rash (B) Exophthalmos

39. Gaucher’s disease is due to deficiency of

the enzyme:

(A) Sphingomyelinase

(B) Glucocerebrosidase

(D) â-Galactosidase

40. Characteristic finding in Gaucher’s

disease is

(A) Night blindness

(B) Renal failure

(D) Deafness

41. An important finding in Neimann-Pick

disease is

(A) Leukopenia

(B) Cardiac enlargement

(D) Hepatosplenomegaly

42. Fucosidosis is characterized by

(A) Muscle spasticity (B) Liver enlargement

43. Metachromatic leukodystrophy is due to

deficiency of enzyme:

(A) á-Fucosidase (B) Arylsulphatase A

44. A significant feature of Tangier disease is

(A) Impairment of chylomicron formation

(B) Hypotriacylglycerolmia

(D) Absence of Apo-C-I

45. A significant feature of Broad Beta disease

(A) Hypocholesterolemia

(B) Hypotriacylglycerolemia

(D) Abnormality of Apo-E

46. Neonatal tyrosinemia improves on administration

(A) Thiamin (B) Riboflavin

47. Absence of phenylalanine hydroxylase

causes

(A) Neonatal tyrosinemia

(B) Phenylketonuria

(D) Albinism

48. Richner-Hanhart syndrome is due to

defect in

(A) Tyrosinase

(B) Phenylalanine hydroxylase

(D) Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase

49. Plasma tyrosine level in Richner-Hanhart

syndrome is

(A) 1–2 mg/dL (B) 2–3 mg/dL

50. Amount of phenylacetic acid excreted in

the urine in phenylketonuria is

(A) 100–200 mg/dL (B) 200–280 mg/dL

51. Tyrosinosis is due to defect in the enzyme:

(A) Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase

(B) p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate hydroxylase

(D) Tyrosine hydroxylase

52. An important finding in Histidinemia is

(A) Impairment of conversion of á-Glutamate to

á-ketoglutarate

(B) Speech defect

(D) Patients can not be treated by diet

53. An important finding in glycinuria is

(A) Excess excretion of oxalate in the urine

(B) Deficiency of enzyme glycinase

(D) Defect in renal tubular reabsorption of glycine

54. Increased urinary indole acetic acid is

diagnostic of

(A) Maple syrup urine disease

(B) Hartnup disease

(D) Phenylketonuria

55. In glycinuria daily urinary excretion of

glycine ranges from

(A) 100–200 mg (B) 300–500 mg

56. An inborn error, maple syrup urine

disease is due to deficiency of the enzyme:

(A) Isovaleryl-CoAhydrogenase

(B) Phenylalnine hydroxylase

(D) á-Ketoacid decarboxylase

57. Maple syrup urine disease becomes

evident in extra uterine life by the end of

(A) First week (B) Second week

58. Alkaptonuria occurs due to deficiency of

the enzyme:

(A) Maleylacetoacetate isomerase

(B) Homogentisate oxidase

(D) Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase

59. An important feature of maple syrup

urine disease is

(A) Patient can not be treated by dietary

regulation

(B) Without treatment death, of patient may occur

by the end of second year of life

are increased

(D) Excessive brain damage

60. Ochronosis is an important finding of

(A) Tyrosinemia

(B) Tyrosinosis

(D) Richner Hanhart syndrome

61. Phrynoderma is a deficiency of

(A) Essential fatty acids(B) Proteins

62. The percentage of linoleic acid in safflower

oil is

(A) 73 (B) 57

63. The percentage of polyunsaturated fatty

acids in soyabean oil is

(A) 62 (B) 10

64. The percentage of polyunsaturated fatty

acids in butter is

(A) 60 (B) 37

65. Dietary fibre denotes

(A) Undigested proteins

(B) Plant cell components that cannot be digested

by own enzymes

(D) All non digestible water insoluble polysaccharide

66. A high fibre diet is associated with reduced

incidence of

(A) Cardiovascular disease

(B) C.N.S. disease

(D) Skin disease

67. Dietary fibres are rich in

(A) Cellulose (B) Glycogen

68. Minimum dietary fibre is found in

(A) Dried apricot (B) Peas

69. A bland diet is recommended in

(A) Peptic ulcer (B) Atherosclerosis

70. A dietary deficiency in both the quantity

and the quality of protein results in

(A) Kwashiorkar (B) Marasmus

71. The deficiency of both energy and protein

causes

(A) Marasmus (B) Kwashiorkar

72. Kwashiorkar is characterized by

(A) Night blindness (B) Edema

73. A characteristic feature of Kwashiorkar is

(A) Fatty liver

(B) Emaciation

(D) Occurrence in less than 1 year infant

74. A characteristic feature of marasmus is

(A) Severe hypoalbuminemia

(B) Normal epinephrine level

(D) Low insulin and high cortisol level

75. Obesity generally reflects excess intake

of energy and is often associated with the

development of

(A) Nervousness

(B) Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

(D) Colon cancer

76. Atherosclerosis and coronary heart

diseases are associated with the diet:

(A) High in total fat and saturated fat

(B) Low in protein

(D) High in carbohydrate

77. Cerebrovasular disease and hypertension

is associated with

(A) High calcium intake

(B) High salt intake

(D) Low salt intake

78. The normal range of total serum bilirubin is

(A) 0.2–1.2 mg/100 ml

(B) 1.5–1.8 mg/100 ml

(D) Above 7.0 mg/100 ml

79. The normal range of direct reacting

(conjugated) serum bilirubin is

(A) 0–0.1 mg/100 ml

(B) 0.1–0.4 mg/100 ml

(D) 0.5–1 mg/100 ml

80. The normal range of indirect (unconjugated)

bilirubin in serum is

(A) 0–0.1 mg/100 ml

(B) 0.1–0.2 mg/100 ml

(D) 0.8–1.0 mg/100 ml

81. Jaundice is visible when serum bilirubin

exceeds

(A) 0.5 mg/100 ml (B) 0.8 mg/100 ml

82. An increase in serum unconjugated

bilirubin occurs in

(A) Hemolytic jaundice

(B) Obstructive jaundice

(D) Glomerulonephritis

83. One of the causes of hemolytic jaundice is

(A) G-6 phosphatase deficiency

(B) Increased conjugated bilirubin

(D) Phosphoglucomutase deficiency

84. Increased urobilinogen in urine and

absence of bilirubin in the urine suggests

(A) Obstructive jaundice

(B) Hemolytic jaundice

(D) Toxic jaundice

85. A jaundice in which serum alanine

transaminase and alkaline phosphatase

are normal is

(A) Hepatic jaundice

(B) Hemolytic jaundice

(D) Obstructive Jaundice

86. Fecal stercobilinogen is increased in

(A) Hemolytic jaundice

(B) Hepatic jaundice

(D) Obstructive jaundice

87. Fecal urobilinogen is increased in

(A) Hemolytic jaundice

(B) Obstruction of biliary duct

(D) Enlarged lymphnodes

88. A mixture of conjugated and unconjugated

bilirubin is found in the circulation in

(A) Hemolytic jaundice

(B) Hepatic jaundice

(D) Post hepatic jaundice

89. Hepatocellular jaundice as compared to pure obstructive type of jaundice is characterized by

(A) Increased serum alkaline phosphate, LDH and

ALT

(B) Decreased serum alkaline phosphatase, LDH

and ALT

decreased levels of LDH and ALT

(D) Decreased serum alkaline phosphatase and

increased serum LDH and ALT

90. Icteric index of an normal adult varies between

(A) 1–2 (B) 2–4

91. Clinical jaundice is present with an icteric index above

(A) 4 (B) 8

92. Normal quantity of urobilinogen excreted

in the feces per day is about

(A) 10–25 mg (B) 50–250 mg

93. Fecal urobilinogen is decreased in

(A) Obstruction of biliary duct

(B) Hemolytic jaundice

(D) Low fat intake

94. A complete absence of fecal urobilinogen

is strongly suggestive of

(A) Obstruction of bile duct

(B) Hemolytic jaundice

(D) Malignant obstructive disease

95. Immediate direct Vanden Bergh reaction

indicates

(A) Hemolytic jaundice

(B) Hepatic jaundice

(D) Megalobastic anemia

96. The presence of bilirubin in the urine

without urobilinogen suggests

(A) Obstructive jaundice

(B) Hemolytic jaundice

(D) Damage to the hepatic parenchyma

97. Impaired galactose tolerance test suggests

(A) Defect in glucose utilisation

(B) Liver cell injury

(D) Muscle injury

98. Increased serum ornithine carabamoyl

transferase activity is diagnostic of

(A) Myocardial infarction

(B) Hemolytic jaundice

(D) Acute viral hepatitis

99. The best known and most frequently used

test of the detoxicating functions of liver

(A) Hippuric acid test

(B) Galactose tolerance test

(D) Rose Bengal dye test

100. The ability of liver to remove a dye like

BSP from the blood suggests a normal

(A) Excretory function

(B) Detoxification function

(D) Circulatory function

101. Removal of BSP dye by the liver involves

conjugation with

(A) Thiosulphate

(B) Glutamine

(D) UDP glucuronate

102. Normal value of plasma total proteins

varies between

(A) 3–4 gm/100ml (B) 6–8 gm/100ml

103. A decrease in albumin with increased

production of other unidentified proteins

which migrate in â, ã region suggests

(A) Cirrhosis of liver

(B) Nephrotic syndrome

(D) Chronic lymphatic leukemia

104. In increase in á2-Globulin with loss of

albumin in urine suggests

(A) Primary immune deficiency

(B) Nephrotic syndrome

(D) Multiple myeloma

105. The normal levels of prothrombin time is

about

(A) 2 sec (B) 4 sec

106. In obstructive jaundice prothrombin time

(A) Remains normal

(B) Decreases

(D) Responds to vit K and increases

107. In parenhymatous liver disease the prothrombin

time

(A) Remains normal (B) Increases

108. Urea clearance test is used to determine

the

(A) Glomerular filtration rate

(B) Renal plasma flow

(D) Measurement of tubular mass

109. The formula to calculate maximum urea

clearance is U × V

B , where U denotes

(A) Concentration of urea in urine in gm/24 hr

(B) Concentration of urea in urine in mg/100 ml

(D) Volume of urine in ml/mt

110. Average maximum urea clearance is

(A) 30 ml (B) 50 ml

111. The average normal value for standard

urea clearance is

(A) 20 ml (B) 30 ml

112. Urea clearance is lowered in

(A) Acute nephritis

(B) Pneumonia

(D) Benign hypertension

113. Glomerular filtration rate can be measured

(A) Endogenous creatinine clearance

(B) Para-aminohippurate test

(D) Mosenthal test

114. At normal levels of creatinine in the blood,

this metabolite is

(A) Filtered at the glomerulus but not secreted nor

reabsorbed by the tubule

(B) Secreted by the tubule

(D) Secreted and reabsorbed by tubule

115. The normal values for creatinine clearance

varies from

(A) 20–40 ml/min (B) 40–60 ml/min

116. Measurement of insulin clearance test is

a measure of

(A) Glomerular filtration rate

(B) Filtration factor

(D) Tubular secretory mass

117. The polysaccharide insulin is

(A) Filtered at the glomerulus but neither secreted

nor reabsorbed by the tubule

(B) Filtered at the glomerulus and secreted by

the tubule

(D) Filtered at the glomerulus, secreted and

reabsorbed by the tubule

118. Normal insulin clearance is

(A) 40 ml/1.73 sqm (B) 60 ml/1.73 sqm

119. Creatinine EDTA clearance is a test to

measure

(A) Renal plasma flow

(B) Filtration fraction

(D) Tubular function

120. The end products of saponification:

(A) glycerol (B) acid

121. The normal PAH clearance for a surface

area of 1.73 sqm. is

(A) 200 ml/min (B) 300 ml/min

122. Para amino hippurate is

(A) Filtered at glomeruli and secreted by the

tubules

(B) Filtered at glomeruli and not secreted by the

tubules

completely

(D) Not removed completely during a single

circulation of the blood through the kidney.

123. The Tm for PAH i.e the maximal secretory

capacity of the tubule for PAH can be used

to gavge the

(A) Extent of tubular damage

(B) Impairment of the capacity of the tubule to

perform osmotic work

(D) Glomerular filtration rate

124. The normal Tm in mg/min/1.73 sqm for

PAH is

(A) 20 (B) 40

125. The normal range of filtration factor in an

adult is

(A) 0.10–0.15 (B) 0.16–0.21

126. The filtration factor tends to be normal in

(A) Early essential hypertension

(B) Malignant phase of hypertension

(D) Acute nephritis

127. The filtration factor is increased in

(A) Glomerulonephritis

(B) Malignant phase of hypertension

(D) Acute nephritis

128. The filtration factor is decreased in

(A) Glomerulonephritis

(B) Early essential hypertension

(D) Starvation

129. Excretion of phenolsulphanpthalein (PSP)

reflects

(A) Glomerulonephritis

(B) Maximaltabular excretory capacity

(D) Renal plasma flow

130. Which of the following is a polyunsaturated

fatty acid?

(A) Palmitic acid (B) Palmitoleic acid

131. Which of the following is omega-3 polyunsaturated

fatty acid?

(A) Linoleic acid (B) á-Linolenic acid

132. Triglycerides are

(A) Heavier than water

(B) Major constituents of membranes

(D) Hydrophilic

133. Cerebronic acid is present in

(A) Glycerophospholipids

(B) Sphingophospholipids

(D) Gangliosides

134. Acylsphingosine is also known as

(A) Sphingomyelin (B) Ceramide

135. The highest phospholipids content is

found in

(A) Chylomicrons (B) VLDL

136. The major lipid in chylomicrons is

(A) Triglycerides (B) Phospholipids

137. Number of carbon atoms in cholesterol is

(A) 17 (B) 19

138. The lipoprotein richest in cholesterol is

(A) Chylomicrons (B) VLDL

139. The major storage form of lipids is

(A) Esterified cholesterol

(B) Glycerophospholipids

(D) Sphingolipids

140. Cerebonic acid is present in

(A) Triglycerides

(B) Cerebrosides

(D) Sphingomyelin

141. The nitrogenous base in lecithin is

(A) Ethanolamine (B) Choline

142. All the following are omega-6-fatty acids

except

(A) Linoleic acid (B) á-Linolenic acid

143. All the following have 18 carbon atoms

except

(A) Linoleic acid (B) Linolenic acid

144. A 20-carbon fatty acid among the following

(A) Linoleic acid (B) á -Linolenic acid

145. Triglycerides are transported from liver to

extrahepatic tissues by

(A) Chylomicrons (B) VLDL

146. Cholesterol is transported from liver to

extrahepatic tissues by

(A) Chylomicrons (B) VLDL

147. Elevated plasma level of the following

projects against atherosclerosis:

(A) Chylomicrons (B) VLDL

148. All the following amino acids are nonessential

except

(A) Alanine (B) Histidine

149. Sulphydryl group is present in

(A) Cysteine (B) Methionine

150. Oligosaccharide-pyrophosphoryl dolichol

is required for the synthesis of

(A) N-linked glycoproteins

(B) O-linked glycoproteins

(D) All of these

151. In N-linked glycoproteins, oligosaccharide

is attached to protein through its

(A) Asparagine residue (B) Glutamine residue

152. De hovo synthesis of fatty acids occurs in

(A) Cytosol (B) Mitochondria

153. Acyl Carrier Protein contains the vitamin:

(A) Biotin (B) Lipoic acid

154. Which of the following is required as a

reductant in fatty acid synthesis?

(A) NADH (B) NADPH

155. Hepatic liponenesis is stimulated by:

(A) cAMP (B) Glucagon

156. De novo synthesis of fatty acids requires

all of the following except

(A) Biotin (B) NADH

157. Acetyl CoA carboxylase regulates fatty

acid synthesis by which of the following

mechanism?

(A) Allosteric regulation

(B) Covalent modification

(D) All of these

158. â-Oxidation of fatty acids requires all the

following coenzymes except

(A) CoA (B) FAD

159. Which of the following can be oxidized

by â-oxidation pathway?

(A) Saturated fatty acids

(B) Monosaturated fatty acids

(D) All of these

160. Propionyl CoA is formed on oxidation of

(A) Monounsaturated fatty acids

(B) Polyunsaturated fatty acids

(D) None of these

161. An enzyme required for the synthesis of

ketone bodies as well as cholesterol is

(A) Acetyl CoA carboxylase

(B) HMG CoA synthetase

(D) HMG CoA lyase

162. Ketone bodies are synthesized in

(A) Adipose tissue (B) Liver

163. All the following statements about ketone

bodies are true except

(A) Their synthesis increases in diabetes mellitus

(B) They are synthesized in mitchondria

(D) They can be oxidized in the liver

164. All the following statements about

carnitine are true except

(A) It can be synthesised in the human body

(B) It can be synthesized from methionine and lysine

acids into mitochondria

(D) Its deficiency can occur due to haemodialysis

165. Which of the following can be synthesized

in the human body if precurors are

available?

(A) Oleic acid (B) Palmitoleic acid

166. All the following can be oxidized by â–

oxidation except

(A) Palmitic acid

(B) Phytanic acid

(D) Fatty acids having an odd number of carbon

atoms

167. Anti-inflammatory corticosteroids inhibit

the synthesis of

(A) Leukotrienes (B) Prostaglandins

168. Diets having a high ratio of polyunsaturated:

saturated fatty acids can cause

(A) Increase in serum triglycerides

(B) Decrease in serum cholesterol

(D) Skin lesions

169. Thromboxanes cause

(A) Vasodilation

(B) Bronchoconstriction

(D) All of these

170. Prostaglandins lower camp in

(A) Adipose tissue (B) Lungs

171. Slow reacting Substance of Anaphylaxis

is a mixture of

(A) Prostaglandins (B) Prostacyclins

172. Dipalmitoyl lecithin acts as

(A) Platelet activating factor

(B) Second messenger for hormones

(D) Anti-ketogenic compound

173. Reichert-Meissl number:

(A) 0.1 N KOH (B) 0.5 KOH

174. In glycerophospholipids, a polyunsaturated

fatty acid is commonly attached to which

of the following carbon atom of glycerol?

(A) Carbon 1 (B) Carbon 2

175. Lysolecithin is formed from lecithin by

removal of

(A) Fatty acid from position 1

(B) Fatty acid from position 2

(D) Choline

176. Sphingosine is synthesized from

(A) Palmitoyl CoA and Choline

(B) Palmitoyl CoA and ethanolamine

(D) Acetyl CoA and choline

177. For synthesis of sphingosine, all the

following coenzymes are required except

(A) Pyridoxal phosphate

(B) NADPH

(D) NAD

178. Cerebrosides contain all the following

except

(A) Galactose (B) Sulphate

179. Niemann-Pick disease results from

deficiency of

(A) Ceramidase (B) Sphingomyelinase

180. Chylomicron remnants are catabolised in

(A) Intestine (B) Adipose tissue

181. VLDL remnant may be converted into

(A) VLDL (B) LDL

182. Receptors for chylomicron remnants are

(A) Apo A specific (B) Apo B-48 specific

183. LDL receptor is specific for

(A) Apo B-48 and Apo B 100

(B) Apo B-48 and Apo E

(D) Apo B-100 and apo D

184. Nascent HDL of intestinal origin lacks

(A) Apo A (B) Apo C

185. HDL is synthesized in

(A) Adipose tissue (B) Liver

186. Nascent HDL of intestinal origin acquires

Apo C and Apo E from

(A) Chylomicrons

(B) VLDL

(D) HDL of the hepatic origin

187. Heparin releasable hepatic lipase converts

(A) VLDL remnants into LDL

(B) Nascent HDL into HDL

(D) HDL3 into HDL2

188. Activated lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase

is essential for the conversion of

(A) VLDL remnants into LDL

(B) Nascent HDL into HDL

(D) HDL3 into HDL2

189. Fatty liver may be caused by

(A) Deficiency of methionine

(B) Puromycin

(D) All of these

190. Alcohol dehydrogenase converts ethanol

into

(A) Acetyl CoA (B) Acetaldehyde

191. Lipids are stored in the body mainly in

the form of

(A) Phospholipids (B) Glycolipids

192. Lipid stores are mainly present in

(A) Liver (B) Brain

193. Glycerol is converted into glycerol-3-

phosphate by

(A) Thiokinase (B) Triokinase

194. In adipose tissue, glycerol-3-phosphate

required for the synthesis of triglycerides

comes mainly from

(A) Hydrolysis of pre-existing triglycerides

(B) Hydrolysis of phospholipids

glycolysis

(D) Free glycerol

195. Glycerol released from adipose tissue by

hydrolysis of triglycerides is mainly

(A) Taken up by liver

(B) Taken up by extrahepatic tissues

(D) Excreted from the body

196. Free glycerol cannot be used for triglyceride

synthesis in

(A) Liver (B) Kidney

197. Adipose tissue lacks

(A) Hormone-sensitive lipase

(B) Glycerol kinase

(D) Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

198. A digestive secretion that does not contain

any digestive enzyme is

(A) Saliva (B) Gastric juice

199. Saliva contains a lipase which acts on

triglycerides having

(A) Short chain fatty acids

(B) Medium chain fatty acids

(D) All of these

200. Salivary lipase hydrolyses the ester bond

(A) Position 1 of triglycerides

(B) Position 2 of triglycerides

(D) All of these

201. Salivary lipase converts dietary triglycerides

into

(A) Diglycerides and fatty acids

(B) Monoglycerides and fatty acids

(D) All of these

202. Pancreatic lipase requires for its activity:

(A) Co-lipase (B) Bile salts

203. Pancreatic lipase converts triacylglycerols

into

(A) 2, 3-Diacylglycerol

(B) 1-Monoacylglycerol

(D) 3-Monoacylglycerol

204. Oxidation of fatty acids occurs

(A) In the cytosol

(B) In the matrix of mitochondria

(D) On the microsomes

205. Activation of fatty acids requires all the

following except

(A) ATP (B) Coenzyme A

206. Mitochondrial thiokinase acts on

(A) Short chain of fatty acids

(B) Medium chain fatty acids

(D) All of these

207. Carnitine is required for the transport of

(A) Triglycerides out of liver

(B) Triglycerides into mitochondria

(D) Long chain fatty acids into mitochondria

208. Carnitine acylcarnitine translocase is

present

(A) In the inner mitochondrial membrane

(B) In the mitochondrial matrix

membrane

(D) On the inner surface of inner mitochondrial

membrane

209. Net ATP generation on complete oxidation

of stearic acid is

(A) 129 (B) 131

210. Propionyl CoA formed oxidation of fatty

acids having an odd number of carbon

atoms is converted into

(A) Acetyl CoA

(B) Acetoacetyl CoA

(D) Butyryl CoA

211. á-Oxidation of fatty acids occurs mainly in

(A) Liver (B) Brain

212. Refsum’s disease results from a defect in

the following pathway except

(A) Alpha-oxidation of fatty acids

(B) Beta-oxidation of fatty acids

(D) Omega-oxidation of fatty acids

213. The end product of omega-oxidation of

fatty acids having an even number of

carbon atoms is

(A) Adipic acid (B) Suberic acid

214. De novo synthesis of fatty acids is

catalysed by a multi-enzyme complex

which contains

(A) One-SH group (B) Two-SH groups

215. Fat depots are located in

(A) Intermuscular connective tissue

(B) Mesentary

(D) All of these

216. Salivary lipase is secreted by

(A) Parotid glands

(B) Sub-maxillary glands

(D) None of these

217. Co-lipase is a

(A) Bile salt (B) Vitamin

218. Plasma becomes milky

(A) Due to high level of HDL

(B) Due to high level of LDL

(D) After a meal

219. Mitochondrial membrane is permeable to

(A) Short chain fatty acids

(B) Medium chain fatty acids

(D) All of these

220. During each cycle of â-oxidation

(A) One carbon atom is removed from the

carboxyl end of the fatty acid

(B) One carbon atom is removed from the methyl

end of the fatty acid

carboxyl end of the fatty acid

(D) Two carbon atoms are removed from the

methyl end of the fatty acid

221. Net generation of energy on complete

oxidation of palmitic acid is

(A) 129 ATP equivalents

(B) 131 ATP equivalents

(D) 148 ATP equivalents

222. Net generation of energy on complete

oxidation of a 17-carbon fatty acid is

(A) Equal to the energy generation from a

16-carbon fatty acid

(B) Equal to the energy generation from an

18-carbon fatty acid

16-carbon fatty acid

(D) In between the energy generation from a

16-carbon fatty acid and an 18-carbon fatty

acid

223. Net energy generation on complete

oxidation of linoleic acid is

(A) 148 ATP equivalents

(B) 146 ATP equivalents

(D) 142 ATP equivalents

224. Extramitochondrial synthesis of fatty

acids occurs in

(A) Mammary glands (B) Lungs

225. One functional sub-unit of multi-enzyme

complex for de novo synthesis of fatty

acids contains

(A) One —SH group

(B) Two —SH groups

(D) Four —SH groups

226. NADPH required for fatty acid synthesis

can come from

(A) Hexose monophosphate shunt

(B) Oxidative decarboxylation of malate

(D) All of these

227. Fatty liver may be prevented by all of the

following except

(A) Choline (B) Betaine

228. Human desaturase enzyme system

cannot introduce a double bond in a fatty

acid beyond

(A) Carbon 9 (B) Carbon 6

229. Which of the following lipid is absorbed

actively from intestines?

(A) Glycerol

(B) Cholesterol

(D) None of these

230. C22 and C24, fatty acids required for the

synthesis of sphingolipids in brain are

formed by

(A) De novo synthesis

(B) Microsomal chain elongation

(D) All of these

231. Sphingomyelins:

(A) Phospholipids (B) Nitrolipids

232. All of the following statements about

hypoglycin are true except

(A) It is a plant toxin

(B) It causes hypoglycaemia

(D) It inhibits oxidation of long chain fatty acids

233. Synthesis of prostaglandins is inhibited

(A) Glucocorticoids (B) Aspirin

234. Lipo-oxygenase is required for the synthesis

(A) Prostaglandins (B) Leukotrienes

235. All of the following statements about

multiple sclerosis are true except

(A) There is loss of phospholipids from white matter

(B) There is loss of sphingolipids from white matter

matter

(D) White matter resembles gray matter in

composition

236. After entering cytosol, free fatty acids are

bound to

(A) Albumin (B) Globulin

237. Release of free fatty acids from adipose

tissue is increased by all of the following

except

(A) Glucagon (B) Epinephrine

238. All the following statements about brown

adipose tissue are true except

(A) It is rich in cytochromes

(B) It oxidizes glucose and fatty acids

coupled in it

(D) Dinitrophenol has no effect on it

239. Lovastatin and mevastatin lower

(A) Serum triglycerides

(B) Serum cholesterol

(D) All of these

240. Lovastatin is a

(A) Competitive inhibitor of acetyl CoA carboxylase

(B) Competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA synthetase

reductase

(D) Competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase

241. Abetalipoproteinaemia occurs due to a

block in the synthesis of

(A) Apoprotein A (B) Apoprotein B

242. All of the following statements about

Tangier disease are true except

(A) It is a disorder of HDL metabolism

(B) Its inheritance is autosomal recessive

(D) Plasma HDL is increased

243. Genetic deficiency of lipoprotein lipase

causes hyperlipoproteinaemia of following

type:

(A) Type I (B) Type IIa

244. Chylomicrons are present in fasting

blood samples in hyperlipoproteinaemia

of following types:

(A) Types I and IIa (B) Types IIa and IIb

245. Glutathione is a constituent of

(A) Leukotriene A4 (B) Thromboxane A1

246. Prostaglandins are inactivated by

(A) 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase

(B) Cyclo-oxygenase

(D) None of these

247. Phenylbutazone and indomethacin

inhibit

(A) Phospholipase A1 (B) Phospholipase A2

248. Prostaglandins stimulate

(A) Aggregation of platelets

(B) Lipolysis in adipose tissue

(D) Gastric acid secretion

249. For extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis,

acetyl CoA may be obtained from

(A) Citrate (B) Isocitrate

250. Fluidity of membranes is increased by

the following constituent except

(A) Polyunsaturated fatty acids

(B) Saturated fatty acids

(D) Cholesterol

251. Transition temperature of membranes

may be affected by the following constituent

of membranes:

(A) Peripheral proteins (B) Integral proteins

252. Acetyl CoA formed from pyruvate can be

used for the synthesis of all the following

except

(A) Glucose (B) Fatty acids

253. Which of the following can be used as a

source of energy in extrahepatic tissues?

(A) Acetoacetate (B) Acetone

254. Anti-inflammatory corticosteroids inhibit

(A) Phospholipase A1 (B) Phospholipase A2

255. Cyclo-oxygenase is involved in the

synthesis of

(A) Prostaglandins (B) Thromboxanes

256. Leukotrienes cause

(A) Increase in capillary permeability

(B) Aggregation of platelets

(D) None of these

257. Prostaglandins decrease all of the following

except

(A) Gastric acid secretion

(B) Blood pressure

(D) Platelet aggregation

258. Hypocholesterolaemia can occur in

(A) Hyperthyroidism

(B) Nephrotic syndrome

(D) Diabetes mellitus

259. De novo synthesis and oxidation of fatty

acids differ in the following respect:

(A) Synthesis occurs in cytosol and oxidation in

mitochondria

(B) Synthesis is decreased and oxidation

increased by insulin

oxidation

(D) Malonyl CoA is formed during oxidation but

not during synthesis

260. Free fatty acids released from adipose

tissue are transported in blood by

(A) Albumin (B) VLDL

261. â -Galactosidase is deficient in

(A) Fabry’s disease

(B) Krabbe’s disease

(D) Metachromatic leukodystrophy

262. The enzyme deficient in metachromatic

leukodystrophy is

(A) Arylsulphatase A (B) Hexosaminidase A

263. All of the following statements about

generalized gangliosidosis are true

except

(A) It results from deficiency of GM1-â-

Gangliosidase

(B) Breakdown of GM1 ganglioside is impaired

elsewhere

(D) It leads to mental retardation

264. Hexosaminidase A is deficient in

(A) Tay-Sachs disease

(B) Gaucher’s disease

(D) Fabry’s disease

265. Mental retardation occurs in

(A) Tay-Sachs disease

(B) Gaucher’s disease

(D) All of these

266. The enzyme deficient in Fabry’s disease is

(A) á-Galactosidase (B) â-Galactosidase

267. Highest protein content amongst the

following is present in

(A) Wheat (B) Rice

268. Daily protein requirement of an adult man

(A) 0.5 gm/kg of body weight

(B) 0.8 gm/kg of body weight

(D) 1.5 gm/kg of body weight

269. Daily protein requirement of an adult

woman is

(A) 0.5 gm/kg of body weight

(B) 0.8 gm/kg of body weight

(D) 1.5 gm/kg of body weight

270. Cysteine can partially meet the requirement

(A) Phenylalanine (B) Threonine

271. Invisible fat is present in

(A) Milk (B) Coconut oil

272. Visible fat is present in

(A) Milk (B) Pulses

273. Fat content of eggs is about

(A) 7% (B) 10%

274. Fat content of pulses is about

(A) 5% (B) 10%

275. Predominant fatty acids in meat are

(A) Saturated

(B) Monounsaturated

(D) Mono and poly-unsaturated

276. Oils having more than 50 % polyunsaturated

fatty acids include all of the following

except

(A) Groundnut oil (B) Soyabean oil

277. Cholesterol is present in all of the following

except

(A) Egg (B) Fish

278. Which of the following has the highest

cholesterol content?

(A) Meat (B) Fish

279. Which of the following has the highest

cholesterol content?

(A) Egg yolk (B) Egg white

280. The following contains the least

cholesterol:

(A) Milk (B) Meat

281. Which of the following constitutes fibre

or roughage in food?

(A) Cellulose (B) Pectin

282. The starch content of wheat is about

(A) 50% (B) 60%

283. The starch content of pulses is about

(A) 50% (B) 60%

284. A significant source of starch among

vegetables is

(A) Radish (B) Spinach

285. The cyclic ring present in all the steroids:

(A) Cyclopentano perhydrophenanthrene

(B) Nitropentano

(D) None of these

286. In Ames’ assay, addition of a carcinogen

to the culture medium allows S. typhimurium

to grow

(A) In the presence of histidine

(B) In the presence of arginine

(D) In the absence of arginine

287. In Ames’ assay, liver homogenate is

included in the culture medium because

(A) It converts pro-carcinogens into carcinogens

(B) Liver can metabolise histidine

(D) Liver is very susceptible to cancer

288. Bile pigments are present and urobilinogen

absent in urine in

(A) Haemolytic jaundice

(B) Hepatocellular jaundice

(D) Crigler-Najjar syndrome

289. Bile pigments are absent and urobilinogen

increased in urine in

(A) Haemolytic jaundice

(B) Hepatocellular jaundice

(D) Rotor’s syndrome

290. In obstructive jaundice, urine shows

(A) Absence of bile pigments and urobilinogen

(B) Presence of bile pigments and urobilinogen

urobilinogen

(D) Presence of bile pigments and absence of

urobilinogen

291. In haemolytic jaundice, urine shows

(A) Absence of bile pigments and urobilinogen

(B) Presence of bile pigments and urobilinogen

urobilinogen

(D) Presence of bile pigments and absence of

urobilinogen

292. Serum albumin may be decreased in

(A) Haemolytic jaundice

(B) Hepatocellular jaundice

(D) All of these

293. Normal range of serum albumin is

(A) 2.0–3.6 gm/dl (B) 2.0–3.6 mg/dl

294. Normal range of serum globulin is

(A) 2.0–3.6 mg/dl (B) 2.0–3.6 gm/dl

295. Serum albumin: globulin ratio is altered in

(A) Gilbert’s disease (B) Haemolytic jaundice

296. Esterification of cholesterol occurs mainly

(A) Adipose tissue (B) Liver

297. Galactose intolerance can occur in

(A) Haemolytic jaundice

(B) Hepatocellular jaundice

(D) None of these

298. Prothrombin is synthesised in

(A) Erythrocytes

(B) Reticulo-endothelial cells

(D) Kidneys

299. Prothrombin time remains prolonged

even after parenterals administration of

vitamin K in

(A) Haemolytic jaundice

(B) Liver damage

(D) Steatorrhoea

300. All the following statements about

obstructive jaundice are true except

(A) Conjugated bilirubin in serum is normal

(B) Total bilirubin in serum is raised

(D) Serum alkaline phosphatase is raised

301. All the following statements about

obstructive jaundice are true except

(A) Prothrombin time may be prolonged due to

impaired absorption of vitamin K

(B) Serum alkaline phosphatase may be raised

due to increased release of the enzyme from

liver cells

to biliary obstruction

(D) There is no defect in conjugation of bilirubin

302. A test to evaluate detoxifying function of

liver is

(A) Serum albumin: globulin ratio

(B) Galactose tolerance test

(D) Prothrombin time

303. Hippuric acid is formed from

(A) Benzoic acid and alanine

(B) Benzoic acid glycine

(D) Glucuronic acid and glycine

304. An enzyme which is excreted in urine is

(A) Lactase dehydrogenase

(B) Amylase

(D) None of these

305. Serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase

is raised in

(A) Haemolytic jaundice

(B) Myocardial infarction

(D) Acute cholecystitis

306. Oliguria can occur in

(A) Diabetes mellitus

(B) Diabetes insipidus

(D) Chronic glomerulonephritis

307. Urea clearance is the

(A) Amount of urea excreted per minute

(B) Amount of urea present in 100 ml of urine

(D) Amount of urea filtered by glomeruli in one

minute

308. Inulin clearance is a measure of

(A) Glomerular filtration rate

(B) Tubular secretion flow

(D) Renal plasma flow

309. Phenolsulphonephthalein excretion test is

an indicator of

(A) Glomerular filtration

(B) Tubular secretion

(D) Renal blood low

310. Para-amino hippurate excretion test is an

indicator of

(A) Glomerular filtration

(B) Tubular secretion

(D) Renal plasma flow

311. Renal plasma flow of an average adult

man is

(A) 120–130 ml/minute

(B) 325–350 ml/minute

(D) 560–830 ml/minute

312. Filtration fraction can be calculated from

(A) Standard urea clearance and PSP excretion

(B) Maximum urea clearance and PSP excretion

clearance

(D) Inulin clearance and PAH clearance

313. Normal filtration fraction is about

(A) 0.2 (B) 0.4

314. Filtration fraction is increased in

(A) Acute glomerulonephritis

(B) Chronic glomerulonephritis

(D) Hypotension

315. Among the following, a test of Glomerular

function is

(A) Urea clearance

(B) PSP excretion test

(D) Hippuric acid excretion test

316. Esters of fatty acids with higher alcohols

other than glycerol are said to be

(A) Waxes (B) Fats

317. The combination of an amino alcohol,

fatty acid and sialic acid form

(A) Phospholipids (B) Sulpholipids

318. Hydrolysis of fats by alkali is called

(A) Saponification number

(B) Saponification

(D) None of these

319. The number of milliliters of 0.1 N KOH

required to neutralize the insoluble fatty

acids from 5 gms of fat is called

(A) Acid number (B) Acetyl number

320. The rate of fatty acid oxidation is

increased by

(A) Phospholipids (B) Glycolipids

321. Lecithin contains a nitrogenous base

named as

(A) Ethanolamine (B) Choline

322. Lecithins contain an unsaturated fatty

acid at position:

(A) á (B) á and â

323. Lecithins are soluble in ordinary solvents

except

(A) Benzene (B) Ethyl alcohol

324. Lecithins combine with protein to form

(A) Phosphoprotein (B) Mucoprotein

325. Instead of ester link plasmalogens

possess an other link in position:

(A) á (B) â

326. The alkyl radical in plasmalogen is an

alcohol:

(A) Saturated (B) Unsaturated

327. The concentration of sphingomyelins are

increased in

(A) Gaucher’s disease

(B) Fabry’s disease

(D) Niemann-Pick disease

328. Sphingomyelins contain a complex amino

alcohol named as

(A) Serine (B) Lysolecithin

329. The types of sphingomyelins are

(A) 1 (B) 3

330. Glycolipids contain an amino alcohol:

(A) Sphingosine (B) Iso-sphingosine

331. Cerebrosides may also be classified as

(A) Sphingolipids (B) Sulpholipids

332. Gaucher’s disease is characterized

specially by the increase in

(A) Lignoceric acid

(B) Nervonic acid

(D) Hydroxynervonic acid

333. Gangliosides are the glycolipids occurring in

(A) Brain (B) Liver

334. Lipoprotein present in cell membrane is

by nature:

(A) Hydrophilic (B) Hydrophobic

335. The density of lipoproteins increases as

the protein content

(A) Increases

(B) Decreases

(D) Slightly and promptly decreases

336. Lipoprotiens may be identified more

accurately by means of

(A) Electrophoresis

(B) Ultra centrifugation

(D) Immunoelectrophoresis

337. Very low density lipoproteins are also

known as

(A) â-lipoproteins (B) Pre â–lipoproteins

338. The protein moiety of lipoprotein is known

(A) Apoprotein (B) Pre-protein

339. The â-lipoprotein fraction increases in

severe

(A) Diabetes Mellitus (B) Uremia

340. Ä9 indicates a double bond between

carbon atoms of the fatty acids:

(A) 8 and 9 (B) 9 and 10

341. The number of carbon atoms in decanoic

acid present in butter:

(A) 6 (B) 8

342. Arachidonic acid contains the number of

double bonds:

(A) 2 (B) 3

343. The prostaglandins are synthesized from

(A) Arachidonic acid (B) Oleic acid

344. The Iodine number of essential fatty acids

of vegetable oils:

(A) High (B) Very high

345. Cholesterol is a

(A) Animal sterol (B) M.F. C27 H46O

346. Waxes contain higher alcohols named as

(A) Methyl (B) Ethyl

347. Lieberman-Burchard reaction is performed

to detect

(A) Cholesterol (B) Glycerol

348. Lipose present in the stomach cannot

hydrolyze fats owing to

(A) Alkalinity (B) Acidity

349. Fatty acids are oxidized by

(A) á -oxidation (B) â -oxidation

350. The fatty acids containing even number

and odd number of carbon atoms as well

as the unsaturated fatty acids are

oxidized by

(A) á-oxidation (B) â-oxidation

351. Long chain fatty acids are first activated

to acyl CoA in the

(A) Cytosol (B) Mitochodria

352. Long chain acyl CoA penetrates mitochondria

in the presence of

(A) Palmitate (B) Carnitine

353. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase converts Acyl

CoA to á – â unsaturated acyl-CoA in

presence of the coenzyme:

(A) NAD+ (B) NADP+

354. For the activation of long chain fatty acids

the enzyme thiokinase requires the

cofactor:

(A) Mg++ (B) Ca++

355. ù-oxidation takes place by the

hydroxylase in microsomes involving

(A) Cytochrome b (B) Cytochrome c

356. Carboxylation of acetyl—CoA to malonyl

— CoA takes place in presence of

(A) FAD+ (B) Biotin

357. Malonyl-CoA reacts with the central

(A) —SH group (B) —NH2 group

358. Fatty acid synthesis takes place in the

presence of the coenzyme:

(A) NAD+ (B) Reduced NAD

359. Fatty acids are activated to acyl CoA by

the enzyme thiokinase:

(A) NAD+ (B) NADP+

360. Phospholipids help the oxidation of

(A) Glycerol (B) Fatty acids

361. The desaturation and chain elongation

system of polyunsaturated fatty acids are

greatly diminished in the absence of

(A) Insulin (B) Glycagon

362. Prostaglandins are liberated in the

circulation by the stimulation of

(A) Anterior pituitary glands

(B) Posterior pituitary glands

(D) Thyroid gland

363. Prostaglandins have a common structure

based on prostanoic acid which contains

carbon atoms:

(A) 12 (B) 16

364. The carbon chains of prostanoic acid are

bonded at the middle of the chain by a

(A) 5-membered ring (B) 6-membered ring

365. All active prostaglandins have atleast one

double bond between positions:

(A) 7 and 8 (B) 9 and 10

366. The enzyme systems for lengthening and

shortening for saturating and desaturating

of fatty acids occur in

(A) Intestine (B) Muscle

367. Which of the following are classified as

essential fatty acids?

(A) Arachidonic acid (B) Oleic acid

368. Prostaglandins are synthesized in the

body from

(A) Myristic acid (B) Arachidonic acid

369. All the following saturated fatty acids are

present in buffer except

(A) Butyric acid (B) Capryllic acid

370. Biological functions of lipids include

(A) Source of energy

(B) Insulating material

(D) All of these

371. Saponification number is

(A) mg of KOH required to saponify one gm of

fat or oil

(B) mg of KOH required to neutralize free fatty

acids of one gms of fat

acid obtained by saponification of one gm

of fat after it has been acetylated

(D) None of these

372. Lipids have the following properties:

(A) Insoluble in water and soluble in fat solvent

(B) High energy content

(D) All of these

373. Carbohydrate moiety in cerebrosides is

(A) Glucose (B) Sucrose

374. Which of the following is not an unsaturated

fatty acid?

(A) Oleic acid (B) Stearic acid

375. All the following are functions of prostaglandins

except

(A) Lowering of B.P

(B) Introduction of labour

(D) Prevention of myocardial infraction

376. Calorific value of lipids per gm is

(A) 4 Kcal (B) 8 Kcal

377. Fatty acid present in kerotin is

(A) Lignoceric acid (B) Cerebromic acid

378. All the following are ketones except

(A) Xylulose (B) Ribolose

379. Saponification:

(A) Hydrolysis of fats by alkali

(B) Hydrolysis of glycerol by liposes

(D) Reduction

380. Number of ml of 0.1 N KOH required to

neutralize fatty acids from 5 gms of fat:

(A) Iodine number

(B) Polenske number

(D) None of these

381. Hydrated density of HD lipoproteins is

(A) 0.94 gm/ml

(B) 0.94–1.006 gm/ml

(D) 1.063–1.21 gm/ml

382. Saponification number indicates

(A) Unsaturation in fat

(B) Average M.W of fatty acid

(D) Acid number

383. Acrolein Test is positive for

(A) Glycerol (B) Prostaglandins

384. Iodine number denotes

(A) Degree of unsaturation

(B) Saponification number

(D) Acetyl number

385. Maximum energy produced by

(A) Fats (B) Carbohydrates

386. Lecithins are composed of

(A) Glycerol + Fatty acids + Phosphoric acid +

Choline

(B) Glycerol + Fatty acids + Phosphoric acid +

Ethanolamine

Serine

(D) Glycerol + Fatty acids + Phosphoric acid +

Beaine

387. Sphingomyelins are composed of fatty

acids, phosphoric acid and

(A) Sphingosine and choline

(B) Glycerol and sphingosine

(D) Glycerol and Choline

388. Depot fats of mammalian cells comprise

mostly of

(A) Cholesterol (B) Cholesterol esters

389. When choline of lecithine is replaced by

ethanolamine the product is

(A) Sphingomyelin (B) Cephalin

390. Which of the following is a hydroxy fatty

acid?

(A) Oleic acid (B) Ricinoleic acid

391. Acrolein test is answered by

(A) Cholesterol (B) Glycerol

392. The smell of fat turned rancid is due to

(A) Presence of vit E (B) Presence of quinones

393. Phospholipids are important cell membrane

components because

(A) They have glycerol

(B) They can form bilayers in water

(D) They combine covalently with proteins

394. Which one of the following is not a phospholipid?

(A) Lecithin (B) Plasmalogen

395. A fatty acid which is not synthesized in

human body and has to be supplied in

the diet:

(A) Palmitic acid (B) Oleic acid

396. In cephalin, choline is replaced by

(A) Serine (B) Ethanolamine

397. The triacyl glycerol present in plasma

lipoproteins are hydrolyzed by

(A) Linqual lipase (B) Pancreatic lipase

398. Amphiphatic lipids are

(A) Hydrophilic (B) Hydrophobic

399. Which of the following is not essential

fatty acid?

(A) Oleic acid (B) Linoleic acid

400. The calorific value of lipid is

(A) 4.0 Kcal/gm (B) 6.0 Kcal/gm

401. Rancidity of butter is prevented by the

addition of

(A) Vitamin D (B) Tocopherols

402. Sphingomyelins on hydrolysis yields

(A) Glycerol, fatty acids, phosphoric acid and

choline

(B) Glycerol, sphingosine, choline and fatty acids

inositol

(D) Sphingosine, fatty acids, phosphoric acid and

choline

403. Inherited deficiency of enzyme cerebrosidase

produces

(A) Fabry’s disease

(B) Niemann pick disease

(D) Tay-sach’s disease

404. Phosphatidic acid on hydrolysis yields

(A) Glycerol, fatty acids, phosphoric acid, choline

(B) Glycerol, fatty acids, phosphoric acid

Glucose

(D) Sphingol, fatty acids, phosphoric acid

405. The maximum number of double bonds

present in essential fatty acid is

(A) 1 (B) 2

406. Cerebrosides are composed of

(A) Sphingosine, fatty acids, glycerol and

phosphoric acid

(B) Sphingosine, fatty acids, galactose

(D) Glycerol, fatty acids, galactose, sphingol

407. Acetoacetic acid and â-OH butyric acid are

formed as

(A) Kidneys (B) Heart

408. Which amino acid is a lipotropic factor?

(A) Lysine (B) Leucine

409. The class of lipoproteins having a

beneficial effect in atherosclerosis is

(A) Low density of lipoproteins

(B) very low density lipoproteins

(D) Chylomicrons

410. Cholesterol is the precursor for the biosynthesis

(A) fatty acid (B) prostaglandins

411. Which of the following condition is

characterized by ketonuria but without

glycosuria?

(A) Diabetes mellitus

(B) Diabetes insipidus

(D) Addison’s disease

412. Ketone bodies are formed in

(A) Kidney (B) Liver

413. Changes in serum high density lipoproteins

(HDL) are more truly reflected by those of

(A) HDL-1 (B) HDL-2

414. Mitochondrial lipogenesis requires

(A) bicarbonate

(B) biotin

(D) NADPH

415. Fatty acids having chain length of 10

carbon atoms enter the

(A) Portal ciruclation (B) Lacteals

416. A soluble system for synthesis of fatty

acids have been isolated from avian liver,

required for the formation of long chain

fatty acids by this system is

(A) ATP (B) Acetyl CoA

417. Most animal tissues contain appreciable

amounts of lipid, when in the form of

depot fat it consists largely of

(A) Cholesterol ester (B) Phosphatides

418. A fatty acid not synthesized in man is

(A) Oleic (B) Palmitic

419. The ‘free fatty acids’ (FFA) of plasma:

(A) metabolically inert

(B) mainly bound to â-lipoproteins

(D) mainly bound to serum albumin

420. Adipose tissue which is a store house for

triacyl glycerol synthesis the same using

(A) The glycerol released by hydrolysis of triacyl

glycerol

(B) The glycerol-3-phosphate obtained in the

metabolism of glucose

(D) 3-phosphoglycerate

421. Increase in blood of this class of lipoproteins

is beneficial to ward off coronary

heart disease:

(A) HDL (B) LDL

422. In the extra mitochondrial synthesis of

fatty acids, CO2 is utilized

(A) To keep the system anaerobic and prevent

regeneration of acetyl CoA

(B) In the conversion of malonyl to CoA

hydroxybutyryl CoA

CoA

(D) In the formation of acetyl CoA from 1 carbon

intermediates

423. Current concepts concerning the intestinal

absorption of triacylglycerols are that

(A) They must be completely hydrolysed before

the constituent fatty acids can be absorbed

(B) They are hydrolysed partially and the material

absorbed consists of free fatty acids, mono

and diacyl glycerols and unchanged triacyl

glycerols

are absorbed about equally via lymph and

via portal blood

(D) In the absence of bile the hydrolysis of triacyl

glycerols is absorbed

424. Main metabolic end product of cholesterol:

(A) Coprosterol (B) 5-pregnenolone

425. In the type II (a) hyper lipoproteinemia

there is increase in

(A) Chylomicron bond (B) â

426. Normal fat content of liver is about _______

gms %.

(A) 5 (B) 8

427. Obesity is accumulation of _______ in the

body.

(A) Water (B) NaCl

428. The first lipoprotein to be secreted by the

liver is

(A) VLDL (B) nascent VLDL

429. This lipoprotein removes cholesterol from

the body

(A) HDL (B) VLDL

430. When the stired triacylglycerol is lipolysed

in the adipose tissue blood levels of _____

increased.

(A) FFA only

(B) Glycerol only

(D) Triacyl glycero

431. All long chain fatty acids with even

number of carbon atoms are oxidized to

a pool of _________ by â-oxidation.

(A) CO2 (B) Propionic acid

432. The level of free fatty acids in plasma is

increased by

(A) Insulin (B) Caffeine

433. Cholesterol is excreted as such into

________.

(A) Urine (B) Faeces

434. LCAT is

(A) Lactose choline alamine transferse

(B) Lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase

(D) Lanoleate carbamoyl acyl transferase

435. Cholesterol molecule has _______ carbon

atoms.

(A) 27 (B) 21

436. A hydrocarbon formed in cholesterol

synthesis is

(A) Mevalonate (B) HMG CoA

437. While citrate is converted to isocitrate in

the mitochondria, it is converted to _______

in the cytosol.

(A) Acetyl CoA + oxaloacetate

(B) Acetyl CoA + malonyl CoA

(D) Acetyl CoA + acetoacetyl CoA

438. Avidin is antigonistic to

(A) Niacin (B) PABA

439. CTP is required for the synthesis of

(A) Fatty acids (B) Proteins

440. Lysolecithin is formed from lecithin by the

action of

(A) Phospholipase A1 (B) Phospholipase A2

441. Fatty acids can not be converted into

carbohydrates in the body, as the

following reaction is not possible:

(A) Conversion of glucose-6-phosphate into

glucose

(B) Fructose 1, 6 diphosphate to fructose-6-

phosphate

(D) Formation of acetyl CoA from fatty acids

442. Cholesterol circulates in blood stream

chiefly as

(A) Free cholesterol

(B) Ester cholesterol

(D) Low density lipoproteins and high density

lipoproteins

443. What is the sub cellular site for the â–

oxidation of fatty acids?

(A) Nucleus (B) Mitochondria

444. A diet containing this fat is helpful in

lowering the blood cholesterol level.

(A) Unsaturated (B) Saturated

445. Phospholipase A2 is an enzyme which

removes a fatty acid residue from lecithin

to form

(A) Lecithin fragments

(B) Phosphotidic acid

(D) Lysolecithin

446. Pancreatic lipose is an enzyme which

hydrolyzes facts. It acts as a/an

(A) peptidase (B) hydrolase

447. This interferes with cholesterol absorption

(A) Lipoprotein lipase

(B) Creatinase

(D) â-sitosterol

448. The carbon chain of fatty acids is shortened

by 2 carbon atoms at a time. This involves

successive reactions catalysed by 4-enzymes.

These act the following order:

(A) Acetyl CoA dehydrogenase, â-OH acyl CoA

dehydrogenase, enoyl hydrase, thiolose

(B) Acyl CoA dehydrogenase, thiolase, enoyl

hydrase, â-OH acyl CoA dehydrogenase

(D) Enoyl hydrase, â-OH acyl CoA dehydrogenase,

acyl CoA dehydrogenase, thiolose,

449. Acyl carrier protein is involved in the

synthesis of

(A) protein

(B) glycogen

(D) fatty acid in the mitochondria

450. 1 molecule of palmitic acid on total

oxidation to CO2 will yield molecules of

ATP (as high energy bonds):

(A) 129 (B) 154

451. HMG CoA is formed in the metabolism of

(A) Cholesterol, ketones and leucine

(B) Cholesterol, fatty acid and Leucine

(D) Ketones, Leucine and Lysine

452. NADPH is produced when this enzyme

acts

(A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase

(B) Malic enzyme

(D) Malate dehydrogenase

453. As a result of each oxidation a long chain

fatty acid is cleaved to give

(A) An acid with 3-carbon less and propionyl CoA

(B) An acid with 2-carbon less and acetyl CoA

(D) An acid with 4-carbon and butyryl CoA

454. Liposomes are

(A) Lipid bilayered (B) Water in the middle

455. Long chain fatty acyl CoA esters are

transported across the mitochondrial

membrane by

(A) cAMP (B) Prostaglandin

456. The acetyl CoA formed on â-oxidation of

all long chain fatty acids is metabolized

under normal circumstances to

(A) CO2 and water (B) Cholesterol

457. Very low density lipoproteins are relatively

rich in

(A) Cholesterol (B) Triacyl glycerol

458. Neutral fat is stored in

(A) Liver (B) Pancreas

459. A pathway that requires NADPH as a

cofactor is

(A) Fatty acid oxidation

(B) Extra mitochondrial denovo fatty acid

synthesis

(D) Glycogenesis

460. The ‘Committed step’ in the biosynthesis

of cholesterol from acetyl CoA is

(A) Formation of acetoacetyl CoA from acetyl CoA

(B) Formation of mevalonate from HMG CoA

acetoacetyl CoA

(D) Formation of squalene by squalene synthetase

461. In â-Oxidation of fatty acids, which of the

following are utilized as coenzymes?

(A) NAD+ and NADP+

(B) FADH2 and NADH + H+

(D) FAD and NAD+

462. The most important source of reducing

equivalents for FA synthesis on the liver

(A) Glycolysis

(B) HMP-Shunt

(D) Uronic acid pathway

463. All of the following tissue are capable of

using ketone bodies except

(A) Brain (B) Renal cortex

464. The major source of cholesterol in arterial

smooth muscle cells is from

(A) IDL (B) LDL

465. Ketone bodies are synthesized from fatty

acid oxidation products by which of the

following organs?

(A) Liver (B) Skeletal muscles

466. Chain elongation of fatty acids occurring

in mammalian liver takes place in which

of the following subcellular fractions of

the cell?

(A) Nucleus (B) Ribosomes

467. Which of the following cofactors or their

derivatives must be present for the

conversion of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA

extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis?

(A) Biotin (B) FAD

468. Which of the following statement regarding

â-oxidation is true?

(A) Requires â-ketoacyl CoA as a substrate

(B) Forms CoA thioesters

(D) Yields acetyl CoA as a product

469. All statements regarding 3-OH-3 methyl

glutaryl CoA are true except

(A) It is formed in the cytoplasm

(B) Required in ketogenesis

(D) An intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis

470. Which of the following lipoproteins

would contribute to a measurement of

plasma cholesterol in a normal individual

following a 12 hr fast?

(A) Chylomicrons

(B) VLDL

(D) LDL

471. All the following statements regarding

ketone bodies are true except

(A) They may result from starvation

(B) They are formed in kidneys

(D) They may be excreted in urine

472. In synthesis of Triglyceride from á-Glycero

phosphate and acetyl CoA, the first

intermediate formed is

(A) â-diacyl glycerol (B) Acyl carnitine

473. During each cycle of â-oxidation of fatty

acid, all the following compounds are

generated except

(A) NADH (B) H2O

474. The energy yield from complete oxidation

of products generated by second reaction

cycle of â-oxidation of palmitoyl CoA will

(A) 5 ATP (B) 12 ATP

475. â-Oxidation of odd-carbon fatty acid

chain produces

(A) Succinyl CoA (B) Propionyl CoA

476. Brown adipose tissue is characterized by

which of the following?

(A) Present in large quantities in adult humans

(B) Mitochondrial content higher than white

adipose tissue

coupled

(D) Absent in hibernating animals

477. Ketosis in partly ascribed to

(A) Over production and Glucose

(B) Under production of Glucose

(D) Increased fat utilization

478. The free fatty acids in blood are

(A) Stored in fat depots

(B) Mainly bound to â-lipoproteins

(D) Metabolically most inactive

479. Carnitine is synthesized from

(A) Lysine (B) Serine

480. A metabolite which is common to pathways

of cholesterol biosynthesis from

acetyl-CoA and cholecalciferol formation

from cholesterol is

(A) Zymosterol

(B) Lumisterol

(D) 7 Dehydrocholesterol

481. Acetyl CoA required for extra mitochondrial

fatty acid synthesis is produced by

(A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

(B) Citrate lyase

(D) Carnitine-acyl transferase

482. Biosynthesis of Triglyceride and Lecithine

both require an intermediate:

(A) Monoacyl glycerol phosphate

(B) Phosphatidic acid

(D) Phosphatidyl cytidylate

483. The rage limiting step cholesterol biosynthesis

(A) Squalene synthetase

(B) Mevalonate kinase

(D) HMG CoA reductase

484. All the following are constituents of

ganglioside molecule except

(A) Glycerol (B) Sialic acid

485. An alcoholic amine residue is present in

which of the following lipids?

(A) Phosphatidic acid (B) Cholesterol

486. Sphingosine is the backbone of all the

following except

(A) Cerebroside (B) Ceramide

487. Chylomicron, intermediate density

lipoproteins (IDL), low density lipoproteins

(LDL) and very low density lipoproteins

(VLDL) all are serum lipoproteins. What is

the correct ordering of these particles from

the lowest to the greatest density?

(A) LDL, IDL, VLDL, Chylomicron

(B) Chylomicron, VLDL, IDL, LDL

(D) Chylomicron, IDL, VLDL, LDL

488. A compound normally used to conjugate

bile acids is

(A) Serine (B) Glycine

489. Which of the following lipoproteins

would contribute to a measurement of

plasma cholesterol in a normal person

following a 12 hr fast?

(A) High density lipoprotiens

(B) Low density lipoproteins

(D) Chylomicron remnants

490. Which of the following products of

triacylglycerol breakdown and subsequent

â-Oxidation may undergo gluconeogenesis?

(A) Acetyl CoA (B) Porpionyl CoA

491. Which of the following regulates lipolysis

in adipocytes?

(A) Activation of fatty acid synthesis mediated by

CAMP

(B) Glycerol phosphorylation to prevent futile

esterification of fatty acids

hormone stimulated increases in CAMP levels

(D) Activation of CAMP production by Insulin

492. Which one of the following compounds is

a key intermediate in the synthesis of both

triacyl glycerols and phospholipids?

(A) CDP Choline (B) Phosphatidase

493. During each cycle of on going fatty acid

oxidation, all the following compounds

are generated except

(A) H2O (B) Acetyl CoA

494. All the following statements describing

lipids are true except

(A) They usually associate by covalent interactions

(B) They are structurally components of

membranes

(D) They are poorly soluble in H2O

495. All the following statements correctly

describe ketone bodies except

(A) They may result from starvation

(B) They are present at high levels in uncontrolled

diabetes

(D) They are utilized by the liver during long term

starvation

496. Which of the following features is

predicted by the Nicolson–Singer fluid

mosaic model of biological membranes?

(A) Membrane lipids do not diffuse laterally

(B) Membrane lipid is primarily in a monolayer

form

(D) Membrane proteins may diffuse laterally

497. Oxidative degradation of acetyl CoA in

the citric acid cycle gives a net yield of all

the following except

(A) FADH2 (B) 3 NADH

498. All the following correctly describe the

intermediate 3-OH-3-methyl glutaryl CoA

except

(A) It is generated enzymatically in the

mitochondrial matrix

(B) It is formed in the cytoplasm

(D) It is involved in the synthesis of ketone bodies

499. Intermediate in the denovo synthesis of

triacyl glycerols include all the following

except

(A) Fatty acyl CoA

(B) CDP diacyl glycerol

(D) Lysophosphatidic acid

500. Mitochondrial á-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

complex requires all the following

to function except

(A) CoA (B) FAD

501. Each of the following can be an intermediate

in the synthesis of phosphatidyl

choline except

(A) Phosphatidyl inositol

(B) CDP-choline

(D) Diacylglycerol

502. High iodine value of a lipid indicates

(A) Polymerization (B) Carboxyl groups

503. Cholesterol, bile salts, vitamin D and sex

hormones are

(A) Mucolipids (B) Glycolipids

504. Water soluble molecular aggregates of

lipids are known as

(A) Micelle (B) Colloids

505. Hypoglycemia depresses insulin secretion

and thus increases the rate of

(A) Hydrolysis (B) Reduction

506. The process of breakdown of glycogen to

glucose in the liver and pyruvate and

lacate in the muscle is known as

(A) Glyogenesis (B) Glycogenolysis

507. Across a membrane phospholipids act as

carrier of

(A) Organic compounds

(B) Inorganic ions

(D) Food materials

508. Osteomalacia can be prevented by the

administration of calcium and a vitamin:

(A) A (B) B

509. Milk sugar is known as

(A) Fructose (B) Glucose

510. The Instrinisic Factor (HCl and mucoproteins)

present in the gastric juice help in

the absorption of

(A) Vitamin B2 (B) Tocopherols

511. Lipase can act only at pH:

(A) 2.5–4 (B) 3.5–5

512. Bile is produced by

(A) Liver (B) Gall-bladder

513. Non-protein part of rhodopsin is

(A) Retinal (B) Retinol

514. A pathway that requires NADPH as a cofactor

(A) Extramitochondrial folic acid synthesis

(B) Ketone body formation

(D) Gluconeogenesis

515. LCAT activity is associated with which of

the lipo-protein complex?

(A) VLDL (B) Chylomicrones

516. In â−oxidation of fatty acids which of the

following are utilized as co-enzymes?

(A) NAD+ and NADP+

(B) FAD H2 and NADH + H+

(D) FAD and NAD+

517. The lipoprotein with the fastest electrophoretic

mobility and lowest TG content

are

(A) VLDL (B) LDL

518. The essential fatty acids retard

(A) Atherosclerosis (B) Diabetes mellitus

519. The majority of absorbed fat appears in

the forms of

(A) HDL (B) Chylomicrone

520. Daily output of urea in grams is

(A) 10 to 20 (B) 15 to 25

521. Uremia occurs in

(A) Cirrohsis of liver (B) Nephritis

522. Carboxyhemoglobin is formed by

(A) CO (B) CO2

523. Methemoglobin is formed as a result of

the oxidation of haemoglobin by oxidation

agent:

(A) Oxygen of Air (B) H2O2

524. Methemoglobin can be reduced to haemoglobin

(A) Removal of hydrogen

(B) Vitamin C

(D) Creatinine

525. Fats are solids at

(A) 10°C (B) 20°C

526. Esters of fatty acids with higher alcohol

other than glycerol are called as

(A) Oils (B) Polyesters

527. The main physiological buffer in the blood is

(A) Haemoglobin buffer

(B) Acetate

(D) Bicarbonate

528. All of the following substances have been

used to estimate GFR except

(A) Inulin (B) Creatinine

529. Relationship between GFR and seum

creatinine concentration is

(A) Non-existent (B) Inverse

530. Urine turbidity may be caused by any of

the following except

(A) Phosphates (B) Protein

531. Urine specific gravity of 1.054 indicates

(A) Excellent renal function

(B) Inappropriate secretion of ADH

(D) Presence of glucose or protein

532. In hemolytic jaundice, the urinary

bilirubin is

(A) Normal

(B) Absent

(D) Small amount is present

533. In obstructive jaundice, urinary bilirubin

(A) Absent

(B) Increased

(D) Present in small amount

534. In hemolytic jaundice, bilirubin in urine is

(A) Usually absent

(B) Usually present

(D) Very low

535. The pH of gastric juice of infants is

(A) 2.0 (B) 4.0

536. The pH of blood is about 7.4 when the

ratio between (NaHCO3) and (H2CO3) is

(A) 10 : 1 (B) 20 : 1

537. The absorption of glucose is decreased by

the deficiency of

(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D

538. For the activity of amylase which of the

following is required as co-factor?

(A) HCO3 (B) Na+

539. Which of the following hormone

increases the absorption of glucose from

G.I.T?

(A) Insulin (B) Throid hormones

540. Predominant form of storage:

(A) Carbohydrates (B) Fats

541. Degradations of Hb takes place in

(A) Mitochondrion (B) Erythrocytes

542. Biluveridin is converted to bilirubin by the

process of

(A) Oxidation (B) Reduction

543. Amylase present in saliva is

(A) á-Amylase (B) â-Amylae

544. Phospholipids are important cell membrane

components since

(A) They have glycerol

(B) Form bilayers in water

(D) Combine covalently with proteins

545. Which of the following is not a phospholipids?

(A) Lecithin (B) Plasmalogen

546. A fatty acid which is not synthesized in

human body and has to be supplied in

the diet is

(A) Palmitic acid (B) Oleic acid

547. Phospholipids occur in

(A) Myelin sheath

(B) Stabilizes chylomicrans

(D) All of these

548. Which of the following is not essential

fatty acids?

(A) Oleic acid (B) Linoleic acid

549. The caloric value of lipids is

(A) 6.0 Kcal/g (B) 9.0 Kcal/g

550. The maximum number of double bonds

present in essential fatty acid is

(A) 2 (B) 3

551. Prostaglandin synfhesis is increased by

activating phospholipases by

(A) Mepacrine (B) Angiotensin II

552. Selwanof’s test is positive in

(A) Glucose (B) Fructose

553. Spermatozoa in seminal fluid utilises the

following sugar for metabolism:

(A) Galactose (B) Glucose

554. Depot fats of mammalian cells comprise

mostly of

(A) Cholesterol (B) Phospholipid

555. When choline of lecithin is replaced by

ethanolamine, the product is

(A) Spingomyelin (B) Cephalin

556. Which of the following is a hydroxyl fatty

acid?

(A) Oleic Acid (B) Ricinoleic acid

557. Acroleic test is given by

(A) Cholesterol (B) Glycerol

Chapter 1: Introduction to Biochemistry MCQS

Chapter 2: Introduction to Biochemistry MCQS

Chapter 3: Introduction to Biochemistry MCQS